Hindu Lunar Month 10 / 12मास

Pausha

पौष

December – JanuaryAlso spelled: Paush, Pous

Coldest month. Sun begins its northward journey at Makar Sankranti (transitioning from Pausha to Magha). Tamil Pongal and Punjabi Lohri fall around the same time.

Nakshatra

Pushya

Where the full moon falls in this month

Presiding deity

Surya — the sun

Seasonal element

Cold / dormant

Agricultural rhythm

Coldest month; rabi crops in growing phase; days shortest.

Spiritual character

Pausha is traditionally the year's most austere month — many auspicious actions pause until Makar Sankranti (when the sun begins its northward journey). On Sankranti the energy reverses: Uttarayana begins, days lengthen, and ritual life resumes.

Key observances this month

  • Makar Sankranti (sun enters Capricorn) — Pongal, Bihu, Lohri, Uttarayan
  • Pausha Purnima — sacred bathing day, especially at Prayag
  • Shakambari Purnima — goddess of vegetables / abundance

Auspicious for

  • Pitru tarpana
  • Donation
  • River bathing on Sankranti

Traditionally avoided

  • Marriage (until after Makar Sankranti — Dakshinayana ends)
  • Gruha pravesh
  • Major auspicious sankalpa

Festivals in Pausha